Different types of Solar Cells: Mono vs. Poly - Quick Facts
- Monocrystalline solar cells are more efficient because they are cut from a single source of silicon. (black look)
- Polycrystalline solar cells are blended from multiple silicon sources and are slightly less efficient. (blue color)
- Thin-film technology costs less than mono or poly panels, but is also less efficient. It is mainly used in large-scale commercial applications.
- PERC (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell) add a reflective layer to give the cell a second opportunity to absorb light.
- N-Type cells are more resistant to light-induced degradation than P-Type cells.
- Half-cut cells improve solar cell efficiency by using smaller ribbons to transport electrical current, which reduces resistance in the circuit.
- Bifacial solar panels absorb light on both sides of the panel.
Optimal Tilt angle
- To optimize overall production year-round, tilt your panels at your latitude.
- To lean toward more production in the summer, tilt your panels at your latitude minus 10-15°.
- To lean toward more production in the winter, tilt your panels at your latitude plus 10-15°.
- Roof tilt calculator
(In general, the angle of tilt will lie between 9 to 12 degrees in southern part of India and 25 to 30 in north India.)
- To optimize overall production year-round, tilt your panels at your latitude.
- To lean toward more production in the summer, tilt your panels at your latitude minus 10-15°.
- To lean toward more production in the winter, tilt your panels at your latitude plus 10-15°.
- Roof tilt calculator
(In general, the angle of tilt will lie between 9 to 12 degrees in southern part of India and 25 to 30 in north India.)
What is a Solar Charge Controller?
A charge controller or charge regulator is basically a voltage and/or current regulator to keep batteries from overcharging. It regulates the voltage and current coming from the solar panels going to the battery.
Charge controllers also offer some other important functions:- Overload protection- Low voltage disconnects- Block Reverse Currents
Mounting sequences:1. Connect batteries to the charge controller2. Connect PV panel to the charge controller3. Connect loads to the charge controller
A charge controller or charge regulator is basically a voltage and/or current regulator to keep batteries from overcharging. It regulates the voltage and current coming from the solar panels going to the battery.
Charge controllers also offer some other important functions:
- Overload protection
- Low voltage disconnects
- Block Reverse Currents
Mounting sequences:
1. Connect batteries to the charge controller
2. Connect PV panel to the charge controller
3. Connect loads to the charge controller
Types of Solar Charge Controllers
There are two main types of charge controllers to consider: - the cheaper, but less efficient Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) charge controllers
- the highly efficient Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) charge controllers.
Both technologies are used widely, protect the battery, and typically have a lifespan of around 15 years.https://www.cleanenergyreviews.info/blog/mppt-solar-charge-controllers(Remember that VOLTS X AMPS = WATTS) or (WATTS/VOLTS = AMPS)
Maximum Current: With different solar charge controllers, you get a different current rating, which tells you about the maximum electrical load it can handle. While some solar charge controllers might support up to 20 amps of current, better models might support 40 amps of maximum current.Voltage Rating: There are primarily two types of solar charge controllers out there, including 12-volt ones and 24-volt ones. This is also true for the batteries that you will use to store electricity. Hence, make sure that your solar charge controller also supports both 12 volt and 24 volt current for high versatility and compatibility.Types
Solar string inverters are electrical devices that convert the direct current (DC) generated by solar panels into alternating current (AC) that businesses can use. They are usually installed in a string formation where multiple solar panels are connected in series to form a single circuit.
Microinverters are a type of solar inverter technology installed at each panel. Microinverters offer many benefits, such as rapid shutdown capabilities, flexibility for panel layouts, and panel-level monitoring and diagnostics. Microinverters are typically more expensive than traditional string inverters.
There are two main types of charge controllers to consider:
- the cheaper, but less efficient Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) charge controllers
- the highly efficient Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) charge controllers.
Both technologies are used widely, protect the battery, and typically have a lifespan of around 15 years.
https://www.cleanenergyreviews.info/blog/mppt-solar-charge-controllers
(Remember that VOLTS X AMPS = WATTS) or (WATTS/VOLTS = AMPS)
Maximum Current: With different solar charge controllers, you get a different current rating, which tells you about the maximum electrical load it can handle. While some solar charge controllers might support up to 20 amps of current, better models might support 40 amps of maximum current.
Voltage Rating: There are primarily two types of solar charge controllers out there, including 12-volt ones and 24-volt ones. This is also true for the batteries that you will use to store electricity. Hence, make sure that your solar charge controller also supports both 12 volt and 24 volt current for high versatility and compatibility.
Types
Solar string inverters are electrical devices that convert the direct current (DC) generated by solar panels into alternating current (AC) that businesses can use. They are usually installed in a string formation where multiple solar panels are connected in series to form a single circuit.
Microinverters are a type of solar inverter technology installed at each panel. Microinverters offer many benefits, such as rapid shutdown capabilities, flexibility for panel layouts, and panel-level monitoring and diagnostics. Microinverters are typically more expensive than traditional string inverters.
How to Calculate Solar Panel Output
Solar panel watts x average hours of sunlight x 75% = daily watt-hours
Eg: 250 watts x 5 hours x 0.75 = 937.5 daily watt hours
To translate this into the more familiar kilowatt hours you’re used to seeing on your electricity bill, simply divide by 1000.
937.5 / 1000 = 0.937
To round up and make it pretty, that’s 0.94 kilowatt-hours /solar panel /day.
How many watts does a 250 watt solar panel produce?
Standard Test Conditions for solar panel wattage would mean your solar panel is operating at 25 degrees Celsius while there are 1000 watts of sunlight per square meter hitting the panel. So, under these ideal conditions, a 250-watt solar panel will produce 250 watts of electricity.
Sizing
https://www.luminousindia.com/load-calculator
1.Controller
Add up the total watts of solar panels and divide by either 14.4 for 12-volt systems 28.8 for 24 volts or 58.8 for 48-volt battery banks. This will give you maximum output amps from the controller. If you don’t want to waste output in heat, size the controller at around two-thirds the rated output of the controller.https://www.thesolarbiz.com/blog/how-big-of-a-charge-controller-do-i-need.html
20A Solar Charge Controller - 50Ah to 150Ah battery (12V)20A/100V MPPT - 12V battery = 250W max Solar (1 x 250W panels)20A/100V MPPT - 24V battery = 520W max Solar (2 x 250W panels)20A/100V MPPT - 48V battery = 1040W max Solar (4 x 250W panels)
40A Solar Charge Controller - 150Ah to 300Ah battery (12V)40A/100V MPPT - 12V battery = 520W max Solar (2 x 250W panels)40A/100V MPPT - 24V battery = 1040W max Solar (4 x 250W panels)40A/100V MPPT - 48V battery = 2080W max Solar (8 x 250W panels)
Add up the total watts of solar panels and divide by either 14.4 for 12-volt systems 28.8 for 24 volts or 58.8 for 48-volt battery banks. This will give you maximum output amps from the controller. If you don’t want to waste output in heat, size the controller at around two-thirds the rated output of the controller.
https://www.thesolarbiz.com/blog/how-big-of-a-charge-controller-do-i-need.html
2. Panels
Indian brands, dimension, price
2022 Apr445w/ 24v - Rs17000.
2022 Apr
445w/ 24v - Rs17000.
3. Battery
A150 Ah battery can supply 150A to the load for one hour.Hence if there is a 10A load:- 150Ah can run it for 15 Hours.
- 180Ah can run it for 18 Hours.
- 200Ah can run it for 20 Hours.
Luminous Inverlast ILTT 26060 220 Ah ₹20K (60 months warranty)
(Luminous Red Charge RC 25000 200 Ah ₹14K(36 months warranty)Luminous Red Charge RC 18000 150 Ah ₹12KLuminous Red Charge RC 18000ST(short tubular) 150 Ah ₹10K)
2022 April:Solar Battery 180 Ah - LPTT 12180L - ₹29,500.00 (60 months warranty)Solar Battery 150 Ah – LPTT12150H - ₹26,800.00 Special Price ₹18,699.00 (60 months warranty)Solar Battery 165 Ah - LPTT 12165H - ₹27,800.00 (72 months warranty)
COMBO PRODUCT PRICING & CONFIGSolar Off Grid Combo – 7.5 KVA (BIS Certified)Solar PCU – NXT+ 7.5 kVA
Rated AC power - 230V (Single Phase)Max Supported Panel Power - 6kWInput Voltage Range: Voc - 160V-240V (extracts upto 30% more power from Panels), Vmp - 120V-210VCharge Controller - MPPTNominal Battery Bank Voltage - 96V (Supports 8 Batteries)Pure Sine Wave Output
Solar Battery - LPTT12150H150 Ah Rated Capacity @ C10, 12VWarranty - 72 MonthsTubular plate TechnologyNo of Batteries in Combo - 8
Solar Panel - 445W/24VCapacity - 445W, 24V, Mono PERC half-cut Solar PanelVoltage: Voltage at Max Power (Vmax) - 39.40V, Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) - 47.28VCurrent: Current at Max Power (Imp) - 10.03A, Short Circuit Current (Isc) - 10.57A25 years performance warrantyNo of Panels in the Combo – 12
₹778,540.00 ( 48% Off ) ₹406,999.00
A150 Ah battery can supply 150A to the load for one hour.
Hence if there is a 10A load:
- 150Ah can run it for 15 Hours.
- 180Ah can run it for 18 Hours.
- 200Ah can run it for 20 Hours.
Luminous Inverlast ILTT 26060 220 Ah ₹20K (60 months warranty)
(Luminous Red Charge RC 25000 200 Ah ₹14K(36 months warranty)
Luminous Red Charge RC 18000 150 Ah ₹12K
Luminous Red Charge RC 18000ST(short tubular) 150 Ah ₹10K)
2022 April:
Solar Battery 180 Ah - LPTT 12180L - ₹29,500.00 (60 months warranty)
Solar Battery 150 Ah – LPTT12150H - ₹26,800.00 Special Price ₹18,699.00 (60 months warranty)
Solar Battery 165 Ah - LPTT 12165H - ₹27,800.00 (72 months warranty)
COMBO PRODUCT PRICING & CONFIG
Solar Off Grid Combo – 7.5 KVA (BIS Certified)
Solar PCU – NXT+ 7.5 kVA
Rated AC power - 230V (Single Phase)
Max Supported Panel Power - 6kW
Input Voltage Range: Voc - 160V-240V (extracts upto 30% more power from Panels), Vmp - 120V-210V
Charge Controller - MPPT
Nominal Battery Bank Voltage - 96V (Supports 8 Batteries)
Pure Sine Wave Output
Solar Battery - LPTT12150H
150 Ah Rated Capacity @ C10, 12V
Warranty - 72 Months
Tubular plate Technology
No of Batteries in Combo - 8
Solar Panel - 445W/24V
Capacity - 445W, 24V, Mono PERC half-cut Solar Panel
Voltage: Voltage at Max Power (Vmax) - 39.40V, Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) - 47.28V
Current: Current at Max Power (Imp) - 10.03A, Short Circuit Current (Isc) - 10.57A
25 years performance warranty
No of Panels in the Combo – 12
₹778,540.00 ( 48% Off ) ₹406,999.00
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